BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Des Moines Art Center - ECPv5.16.3.1//NONSGML v1.0//EN
CALSCALE:GREGORIAN
METHOD:PUBLISH
X-ORIGINAL-URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org
X-WR-CALDESC:Events for Des Moines Art Center
REFRESH-INTERVAL;VALUE=DURATION:PT1H
X-Robots-Tag:noindex
X-PUBLISHED-TTL:PT1H
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
TZID:America/Chicago
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0600
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
TZNAME:CDT
DTSTART:20260308T080000
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0600
TZNAME:CST
DTSTART:20261101T070000
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261122T130000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261122T160000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20250414T215317Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20261020T183447Z
UID:11303-1795352400-1795363200@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Art Workshop: Calligraphy—Abstract and Experimental Lettering - SOLD OUT
DESCRIPTION:Join fellow students for this one-day workshop of bringing abstraction to calligraphy. Students will use various tools\, including balsa wood and automatic pens\, to make expressive calligraphic marks and letters on paper. Students will learn to incorporate watercolor and vellum to add depth and layers. \nREGISTER \nDes Moines Art Center members receive a 20% discount on all classes\, camps\, and workshops! Become a member today.  \nScholarships for classes and materials are offered on our application page.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/art-workshop-calligraphy-2/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Studio Art Classes
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/web-tile-3.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261127T130000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261127T140000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20251013T204344Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260930T180134Z
UID:12321-1795784400-1795788000@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Guided Tour: Family and Gathering
DESCRIPTION:Explore how artists capture the warmth\, complexity\, and beauty of coming together. This docent-led tour invites visitors of all ages to reflect on family\, community\, and shared moments through works by artists such as Mary Cassatt\, Alex Katz\, and Alfredo Ramos Martinez. \nFree; no registration required. \nMary Cassatt (American\, active France\, 1844 – 1926)\n“Nicolle and Her Mother” (detail)\, ca. 1900\nPastel on paper\nPurchased with funds from the Coffin Fine Arts Trust; Nathan Emory Coffin Collection of the Des Moines Art Center\, 1966.21
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/family-and-gathering/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Guided Tours
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/web-tile-4.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261128T130000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261128T140000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260930T175925Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260930T175925Z
UID:14994-1795870800-1795874400@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:“Elle Pérez: La Despedida” Exhibition Tour
DESCRIPTION:Visitors are invited to learn more about the exhibition “Elle Pérez: La Despedida” during this free guided tour. The show\, on view in the A. H. Blank Gallery\, highlights Bronx-based photographer Elle Pérez’s practice as they construct lush and tactile photographs born from careful attention to the objects\, settings\, and individuals in their everyday life. The artist’s 2025 series “La Despedida (the world is always ending\, the world is always again beginning)” encompasses photographs taken in the gardens of two very different sites: Pérez’s grandfather’s backyard in Puerto Real\, Puerto Rico\, and Impressionist painter Claude Monet’s home in Giverny\, France. \nPublic guided tours are offered every Saturday from 1 – 2 pm. Free; no registration required. \nElle Pérez (born 1989)\n“untitled (light window)” (detail)\, 2025\nArchival pigment print\nImage courtesy of the artist and 47 Canal\, New York\nPhoto: Joerg Lohse
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/elle-perez-la-despedida-exhibition-tour-2/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Exhibitions,Guided Tours
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/web-tile-1.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261129T133000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261129T153000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260929T210041Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20261020T194514Z
UID:14986-1795959000-1795966200@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:World AIDS Day: A Day With(out) Art
DESCRIPTION:In recognition of World AIDS Day\, join us at the Des Moines Art Center for A Day With(out) Art — an afternoon of art\, film\, and music offering space for healing\, remembrance\, and hope. \nThe program will begin with a 20-minute performance by the Des Moines Gay Men’s Chorus\, followed by a screening of “Common Threads: Stories from the Quilt” (1989). This Academy Award-winning documentary shares the lives and relationships behind panels of the AIDS Memorial Quilt\, revealing the human impact of the epidemic and the power of remembrance to challenge stigma. (Film runtime: 79 minutes) \nThree Iowa-connected sections of the AIDS Memorial Quilt will be on view in the Art Center’s Macomber Lobby from November 17 through 29. The handmade memorials preserve stories of individuals and communities across Iowa\, inviting reflection on lives lost and the people who responded with care\, education\, and advocacy. \nFirst organized by Visual AIDS in 1989\, A Day With(out) Art brings cultural institutions together to remember those lost to AIDS and recognize the ongoing experiences of people living with HIV. \nRobert Mapplethorpe (American\, 1946 – 1989)\n“Two Men Dancing” (detail)\, 1984\nGelatin silver print\nDes Moines Art Center Permanent Collections; Gift of Hudson\, New York\, 2001.12\nPhoto: Rich Sanders \nFree; no registration required.\nGenerous support provided by Art Bridges Foundation’s Access for All program. \n \n  \n  \n  \nWe strive to provide closed captioning for all events and programs offered in Levitt Auditorium. Due to interpreter shortages throughout Iowa\, American Sign Language interpretation is only available upon request. ASL and other accommodation requests can be made by emailing jfeatherstone@desmoinesartcenter.org at least two weeks in advance. We will try to accommodate requests with less than a two week notice but cannot guarantee availability.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/world-aids-day-a-day-without-art/
LOCATION:Levitt Auditorium\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Events and Programs
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/web-tile-19.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261129T140000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261129T160000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260831T170657Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260831T170657Z
UID:14844-1795960800-1795968000@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Family Art Workshop: Paper Doll Family
DESCRIPTION:Grab the whole family and dive into a season of hands-on creativity! This one-day art workshop is a perfect chance to make something new together. Artists of all ages are welcome. In this session\, craft a paper doll version of yourself\, then link up with the rest of your family for a one-of-a-kind portrait! \nREGISTER \nDes Moines Art Center members receive a 20% discount on all classes\, camps\, and workshops! Become a member today.  \nScholarships for classes and materials are offered on our application page. \nPhoto: Erik Brockmeyer
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/family-art-workshop-paper-doll-family/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Family Programs,Studio Art Classes
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/web-tile-1.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261202T170000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261202T190000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260901T175501Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260901T175501Z
UID:14856-1796230800-1796238000@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Unveil: Presented by the Museum Shop
DESCRIPTION:You are invited to our biggest Museum Shop event of the year\, Unveil! Join us for an exclusive preview of newly acquired merchandise at this Winter Wonders shopping event. Items from this collection will not appear again until later in the year so plan some holiday shopping for everyone on your list (and yourself!). Enjoy complimentary small bites and festive\, seasonal beverages with holiday cheer. \nUnveil is open to anyone in the community; Art Center members receive double-discounts on all purchases.* Become a member today to receive your discounts! \nThis event is free to attend\, and registration is not required. *Exclusions apply to consignment and clearance items.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/unveil-winter-wonder/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Events and Programs,Membership & Development
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/web-event-graphic_730-x-560_unveil_fall2026.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261203T133000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261203T163000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260512T193729Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260831T161611Z
UID:14208-1796304600-1796315400@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Art Workshop: Greeting Cards\, Thinking of You
DESCRIPTION:Get creative in this one-day workshop with the opportunity to make a unique design for your loved ones through greeting cards with ink\, watercolor\, and collage. Have fun\, be inspired\, and show off your creations with fellow class participants. \nREGISTER \nDes Moines Art Center members receive a 20% discount on all classes\, camps\, and workshops! Become a member today.  \nScholarships for classes and materials are offered on our application page.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/art-workshop-greeting-cards/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Studio Art Classes
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/web-tile-4-1.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261205T130000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261205T140000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260930T180354Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260930T180354Z
UID:14999-1796475600-1796479200@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:“Artists on Fire” Exhibition Tour
DESCRIPTION:Join us for a free guided tour of the exhibition “Artists on Fire\,” on view in the John Brady Print Gallery through  January 10\, 2027. This selection of prints\, drawings\, and photographs from the permanent collection explores the element of fire\, both literal and conceptual. Images of flames\, smoke\, and steam sit alongside depictions of Greek gods and visions of hell. \nPublic guided tours are offered every Saturday from 1 – 2 pm. Free; no registration required. \nTodd Hido (American\, born 1968)\n#11176-7589\, 2014\nArchival pigment print on Hahnemuhle Photorag Baryta paper\nDes Moines Art Center Permanent Collections; Gift of the Pilara Family Foundation\, 2025.17
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/artists-on-fire-exhibition-tour-2/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Exhibitions,Guided Tours
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/web-tile-5.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261210T140000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261210T153000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260831T163432Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260831T163646Z
UID:14832-1796911200-1796916600@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Creative Aging: Studio Series (Ages 55+)
DESCRIPTION:Creative Aging is a program designed for adults age 55+ to gather at the Art Center and learn about art while making community connections and fostering cognitive health. These sessions will offer a social atmosphere and a variety of exploratory projects to try out materials and techniques with the support of an experienced teaching artist. \nIn this session\, students will get creative with abstract drawing. \nMaterials\, tools\, and guidance will be provided. Cost of the class is $30 ($24 for Art Center members). \nREGISTER
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/creative-aging-studio-series-3/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Studio Art Classes
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/web-tile-18.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261212T110000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261212T140000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20261026T214409Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20261026T214950Z
UID:14916-1797073200-1797084000@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Social Saturday: Make Believe
DESCRIPTION:Join the Des Moines Art Center’s December Social Saturday event: Make Believe! Enjoy crafts in the Art School studios\, a scavenger hunt\, a guided tour\, storytime\, treats in the Art Center Café\, and so much more. \nSchedule of Events:\n11:15 – 11:30 am | Storytime (all ages)\nLevitt Auditorium\n1 pm | Guided Tour (all ages)\nMeet in the Macomber Lobby\n1:30 – 3 pm | Little Slam on the Prairie Puppet show\nLittle Slam on the Prairie invites artists and audiences to an afternoon of imagination and surprise. New and established puppeteers and theatre-makers explore shadow theatre\, object performance\, giant puppets\, comedy\, multimedia\, and avant-garde creations. Learn more. \nLevitt Auditorium \nDrop-in Activities (11 am – 2 pm):\nMuseum Galleries \n\nFind the Social Saturday interactive Art Cart in the galleries.\nComplete a scavenger hunt in the galleries and return your findings to the front desk for a small prize.\n\n\nMacomber Lobby \n\nGiant artist-made puzzle in the lobby; experience a larger-than-life version of Iowa Artist Molly Spain’s “PUZZL.”\nEnjoy the Art Center’s Paint-n-Play station.\n\n\nArt School Studios \n\nExplore creativity and your inner artist! Create a free\, unique Social Saturday: Make Believe activity.\n\n\nArt Center Café\n \n\nStop by for a sit-down lunch\, a delicious pastry\, and a full coffee and tea menu. Art Center members receive a  10% discount in the café.\n\nMuseum Shop \n\nBrowse the Museum Shop to find gifts and souvenirs. Art Center members receive a  10% discount in the Museum Shop. Find gifts for everyone on your list!\n\nSee our special exhibitions! \n\n“Let Us Gather in a Flourishing Way: Contemporary Latinx Painting” (Anna K. Meredith Gallery)\n“Artists on Fire” (John Brady Print Gallery)\n“Valentin Noujaïm: La Défense” (Pamela Bass-Bookey and Harry Bookey Gallery)\n\nSocial Saturdays occur at the Des Moines Art Center on the second Saturday of the month. This event is free to attend\, and no registration is required. Social Saturdays will be documented with photography. \nFor programs in Levitt Auditorium:\nWe strive to provide live captioning for all events offered in Levitt Auditorium. Due to interpreter shortages throughout Iowa\, American Sign Language interpretation is only available upon request. ASL and other accommodation requests can be made by emailing jfeatherstone@desmoinesartcenter.org. \nGenerous support provided by Art Bridges Foundation’s Access for All program. \n \nSupport is provided by the National Endowment for the Arts and the Iowa Arts Council\, which exists within the Iowa Economic Development Authority. \n   
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/social-saturday-make-believe/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Events and Programs
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/web-event-graphic_730-x-560_ss_dec2026.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261212T133000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261212T133000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260929T210600Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260929T210600Z
UID:14932-1797082200-1797082200@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Little Slam on the Prairie Puppet Performance
DESCRIPTION:The Uplifting Puppet Co. is proud to present the return of Little Slam on the Prairie. This year’s event is hosted at the Des Moines Art Center as part of December Social Saturday: Make Believe. \nThis eclectic afternoon of short-form puppetry celebrates innovation\, storytelling\, and creative connection. Part of the national Puppet Slam Network\, the show invites established puppeteers\, artists new to puppetry\, and theatre-makers to explore and  perform. From shadow theatre and object performance to giant puppets\, comedy\, multimedia\, and avant-garde creations\, Little Slam on the Prairie invites artists and audiences alike into an afternoon of imagination and surprise. \nFree; registration required. \nREGISTER \nLittle Slam on the Prairie is funded in part by a grant from the Puppet Slam Network\, with additional support from the Des Moines Art Center and the Uplifting Puppet Co.. \nSocial Saturday at the Des Moines Art Center receives generous support provided by Art Bridges Foundation’s Access for All program. Support is also provided by the National Endowment for the Arts and the Iowa Arts Council\, which exists within the Iowa Economic Development Authority.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/little-slam-on-the-prairie/
LOCATION:Levitt Auditorium\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Events and Programs,Family Programs
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/The-Uplifting-Puppet-Co.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261219T130000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261219T140000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260720T192111Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260930T184233Z
UID:14561-1797685200-1797688800@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Museum Highlights Tour
DESCRIPTION:Discover the vast variety of the Des Moines Art Center’s permanent collection during our Museum Highlights Tour. This tour offers a unique journey through our galleries\, featuring a selection of timeless paintings\, sculptures\, and more. Join our knowledgeable guides to uncover the stories\, techniques\, and inspirations behind the art on view\, and experience the highlights of the Art Center in a fresh and engaging way. This guided tour is perfect for art enthusiasts of all ages! \nPublic guided tours are offered every Saturday from 1 – 2 pm. Free; no registration required.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/highlights-tour/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Exhibitions,Guided Tours
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/web-tile-16.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261220T140000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261220T160000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260831T170957Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20261007T210910Z
UID:14846-1797775200-1797782400@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Family Art Workshop: Cardboard Gingerbread House
DESCRIPTION:Grab the whole family and dive into a season of hands-on creativity! This one-day art workshop is a perfect chance to make something new together. Artists of all ages are welcome. In this holiday season session\, skip the frosting and build your dream gingerbread house out of cardboard\, using a mix of playful materials to decorate it your way. \nREGISTER \nDes Moines Art Center members receive a 20% discount on all classes\, camps\, and workshops! Become a member today.  \nScholarships for classes and materials are offered on our application page. \nPhoto: Erik Brockmeyer
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/family-art-workshop-cardboard-gingerbread-house/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Family Programs,Studio Art Classes
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/web-tile-1.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261226T130000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261226T140000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20260107T172004Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260930T184506Z
UID:13137-1798290000-1798293600@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Museum Highlights Tour
DESCRIPTION:Discover the vast variety of the Des Moines Art Center’s permanent collection during our Museum Highlights Tour. This tour offers a unique journey through our galleries\, featuring a selection of timeless paintings\, sculptures\, and more. Join our knowledgeable guides to uncover the stories\, techniques\, and inspirations behind the art on view\, and experience the highlights of the Art Center in a fresh and engaging way. This guided tour is perfect for art enthusiasts of all ages! \nPublic guided tours are offered every Saturday from 1 – 2 pm. Free; no registration required.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/museum-highlights-tour-5/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Guided Tours
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Copy-of-web-tile-4.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20261231T130000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20261231T140000
DTSTAMP:20261026T181203
CREATED:20251202T221401Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260930T184802Z
UID:12683-1798722000-1798725600@desmoinesartcenter.org
SUMMARY:Museum Highlights Tour
DESCRIPTION:Discover the vast variety of the Des Moines Art Center’s permanent collection during our Museum Highlights Tour. This tour offers a unique journey through our galleries\, featuring a selection of timeless paintings\, sculptures\, and more. Join our knowledgeable guides to uncover the stories\, techniques\, and inspirations behind the art on view\, and experience the highlights of the Art Center in a fresh and engaging way. This guided tour is perfect for art enthusiasts of all ages! \nFree; no registration required.
URL:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/event/museum-highlights-tour/
LOCATION:Des Moines Art Center\, 4700 Grand Ave\, Des Moines\, IA\, 50312\, United States
CATEGORIES:Guided Tours
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://desmoinesartcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/web-tile.jpg
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR